AUTOMATION TECHNOLOGY:PHYSICAL AUTOMATION TECHNOLOGY

By -

PHYSICAL AUTOMATION TECHNOLOGY

Since MIT demonstrated the first numerically controlled machine tool in 1952, information technol- ogies have revolutionized and automated the manufacturing processes. See Chapter 12 for physical automation techniques such as robots. In general, physical automation technology can be applied in three areas: processing, transportation / storage, and inspection. Representative examples of automated equipment are:

1. Automated processing equipment: CNC machine tools, computer-controlled plastic-injection machines, etc.

2. Automated transportation / storage equipment: Industrial robots, automatic guided vehicles (AGV), an automatic storage / retrieval systems (AS / RS), etc.

3. Automated inspection equipment: Coordination measuring machines (CMM), machine vision systems, etc.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

PLANT AND FACILITIES ENGINEERING WITH WASTE AND ENERGY MANAGEMENT:INTEGRATING INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERS INTO PLANT AND FACILITIES ENGINEERING

By -
Image
1. INTEGRATING INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERS INTO PLANT AND FACILITIES ENGINEERING 1.1. Why Industrial Engineers Make Good Plant Engineers An industrial engineer is an excellent choice to be a plant or facilities engineer. By definition, an industrial engineer is a systems designer who integrates materials, machines, people, technology, and energy to produce goods or services in a productive manner. IE’s possess a wealth of analytical tools that can be creatively focused on plant engineering problems. The academic course known as facilities planning and design is fundamental for an industrial engineer becoming a plant engineer. The IE plant engineer can overcome a lack of specific knowledge about technical aspects of plant engineering by keeping many details in clear focus simultaneously and by applying good reasoning, system- integration abilities, creativity, judgment, communication skills, flexibility, adaptability, and quality consciousness, excellent human relations skills, and the princi...
Read more

MATERIAL-HANDLING SYSTEMS:STORAGE SYSTEMS

By -
Image
STORAGE SYSTEMS Various types of racks have been developed to store loads of different sizes and shapes. One of the simplest storage systems is block stacking, where loads (which may or may not be palletized) are simply stacked on top each other with no separate support structure. While block stacking is inex pensive and provides dense storage (i.e., little or no space is lost due to air between the loads), its use is limited in practice because only certain types of loads (such as appliances or furniture packed properly in cartons) can be stacked without crushing / damaging the loads at the bottom and access to individual loads (i.e., load selectivity) is very limited. In fact, loads must be removed from a stack, starting with the load at the top. This leads to last-in-first-out (LIFO) stock rotation, which is not desirable for many storage systems. A fundamental trade-off that exists in storage systems design is that between storage density (how well the cubic volume is utilized) ...
Read more

DUALITY THEORY:THE ESSENCE OF DUALITY THEORY

By -
Image
THE ESSENCE OF DUALITY THEORY Given our standard form for the primal problem at the left (perhaps after conversion from another form), its dual problem has the form shown to the right. Thus, with the primal problem in maximizatio n form, the dual problem is in minimization form instead. Furthermore, the dual problem uses exactly the same pa r amete r s as the primal problem, but in different locations, as summarized below. 1. The coefficients in the objective function of the primal problem are the right-hand sides of the functional constraints in the dual problem. 2. The right-hand sides of the functional constraints in the primal problem are the coef- ficients in the objective function of the dual problem. 3. The coefficients of a variable in the functional constraints of the primal problem are the coefficients in a functional constraint of the dual problem. To highlight the comparison, now look at these same two problems in matrix notation (as introduced at the beginn...
Read more