INTRODUCTION TO CLEAN MANUFACTURING

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INTRODUCTION

Clean manufacturing focuses on planning, designing, and producing manufactured products to incur minimal environmental impacts during their lifetimes. Implementation of clean manufacturing in- cludes reliable process control, substitution of hazardous materials with nonhazardous materials, reduction of energy consumption, repair for product life extension, and design for materials recycling. Thus, clean manufacturing may apply to materials and process analyses that reach beyond the man- ufacturing process to include the environmental impacts of the entire product life. Clean manufac- turing requires a broad range of multidisciplinary approaches that include local, regional, national and global policies, engineering and technology advances, economics, and management perspectives.

Industrial engineers study industrial metabolism—that is, the linkages between suppliers, manu- facturers, consumers, refurbishers, and recyclers. Environmental engineers, on the other hand, study environmental metabolism—that is, the linkages between entities such as biota, land, freshwater, sea water, and atmosphere (Graedel and Allenby 1995). Clean manufacturing requires the study of the

interactions between industrial metabolism and environmental metabolism.

Clean Manufacturing-0284

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